Find a walk-up location or schedule an appointment today. Read more. Visit MyUFHealth to get an estimate for your cost for the most common medical procedures. A bounding pulse is a strong throbbing felt over one of the arteries in the body. It is due to a forceful heartbeat. Call your health care provider if the intensity or rate of your pulse increases suddenly and does not go away.
This is very important when:. Your provider will do a physical exam that includes checking your temperature, pulse, rate of breathing, and blood pressure. Your heart and circulation will also be checked. The history and physical examination: an evidence-based approach. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap Vital signs measurement. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap 1. The cardiovascular system. Medically reviewed by Carissa Stephens, R. Underlying causes of a bounding pulse. How will I know that my pulse is bounding?
Do I need to see a doctor for a bounding pulse? Diagnosing and treating your symptoms. What can I do to stop my symptoms from returning?
Read this next. Apical Pulse. Medically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph. Atrial Flutter vs. Atrial Fibrillation. Medically reviewed by Elaine K. Luo, M. Medically reviewed by Dr. Payal Kohli, M. Is Best for Heart Health Experts say there are a number of ways to make it easier to go to bed at a proper time, including when you exercise and when you eat.
The symptoms of anemia closely mimic those of HF, including dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, cognitive impairment, and poor exercise capacity, and the superimposition of anemia in patients with HF may exacerbate these symptoms Table 2.
Therefore, the development of anemia may lead to an earlier recognition of the presence of HF. In patients with ischemic HF, precipitation or potentiation of ischemia may occur when the anemia is severe. The reason for the increasing prevalence of anemia has been attributed to the increasing prevalence of diastolic HF. Several symptoms are shared by HF and anemia, and therefore establishing the presence or absence of anemia in patients with HF by laboratory testing is mandatory.
In severe anemia, tachycardia and bounding pulses are present, there is pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, and a pulmonary midsystolic murmur is commonly present. Complete blood count CBC is obtained routinely and includes hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell indices including red cell distribution width, and reticulocyte count. A standard procedure in the workup of any anemia is the examination of the peripheral blood smear.
The potential presence of multiple causes of anemia in HF dictates the assessment of the iron profile, the measurement of vitamin B 12 folic acid, and the assessment of thyroid function tests. Iron profile includes transferrin saturation, transferrin total iron binding capacity , serum iron, and ferritin. In the presence of inflammation, however, ferritin levels are increased because it is an acute phase reactant.
The ratio of serum transferring receptors reflect tissue iron availability to ferritin has been proposed to distinguish between anemia due to iron deficiency versus inflammation anemia of chronic disease. Functional iron deficiency is characterized by inability to use available iron stores.
To verify the presence of hemodilution, blood volume analysis with the chromium labeling technique or with I — tagged albumin could be considered; its use, however, has been restricted to research.
The etiology of anemia needs to be identified for the proper management of anemia. The causes of anemia in HF include the following Table 3 : hemodilution, inflammation Table 4 , renal impairment, iron deficiency, medications angiotensin-converting enzymes inhibitors [Table 5], angiotensin receptor antagonists and carvedilol [Table 6] , vitamin B 12 and folic acid deficiency, and thyroid function abnormalities.
The only consensus in the management of anemia in HF is in correcting hematinic deficiencies that include iron, vitamin B 12 , and folic acid.
Iron deficiency is relatively common at least one third in patients with HF and may be caused by interference with iron absorption by hepcidin, poor dietary intake, an edematous gastrointestinal tract, or blood loss secondary to medications acetylsalicylic acid and warfarin. Iron deficiency should be identified and is usually treated with oral supplementation Table 7. Hemoglobin rises within 2 weeks, the deficit is half corrected at 4 weeks, and fully corrected at 8 weeks.
On occasion, when a failure to respond to oral supplementation is noted, iron could be administered intravenously. Several preparations are available, such as ferric gluconate complex, iron sucrose, and ferric carboxymaltose Table 8. Despite the symptomatic improvement reported with intravenous iron in patients with HF, its role as a therapeutic intervention may await further classification of its impact on morbidity and mortality and long-term safety.
The only indication for blood transfusion is the presence of severe anemia. Red cell preparation and not whole blood should be selected to minimize volume overload, and concomitant diuretics need to be administered in the vast majority of patients with HF to avoid volume overload.
The use of iron supplementation for the correction of iron deficiency anemia could be monitored by repeating hemoglobin in 4 weeks half way correction and 8 weeks Table 9. Restoring iron stores requires a minimum of 6 months of treatment. Since organs and tissues all need oxygen to function correctly, being anemic can cause widespread health problems. According to the U. Department of Health and Human Services , women and people with chronic diseases are at the greatest risk for anemia, but it can affect anyone.
The most common cause, especially in women, is iron deficiency. You can also become iron deficient from not eating enough iron—this is very common in pregnant women because they have to eat enough iron for two.
You may have no symptoms at first, or very mild ones. However, as anemia gets worse some telltale signs become apparent. Here are the most common ones. The most common symptom of iron-deficiency anemia is fatigue. Without energy, you continually feel tired and weak throughout the day and it can be difficult to complete your daily tasks. People who are anemic may develop a syndrome called pica, which causes strange cravings for non-food items such as dirt, ice or clay.
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